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Over the past decade, remarkable progress has been made in prevention and control of endemic diseases in China through implementation of the 12th and the 13th Five-Year National Plans for Prevention and Control of Endemic Diseases and the Three-Year Action Plan for Special Prevention and Control of Endemic Diseases. Based on the latest monitoring data of endemic diseases and the evaluation results of the control and elimination of endemic diseases of the 13th Five-Year Plan, this paper analyzed current main problems in prevention and control of endemic diseases in China, focusing on implementation of prevention and control measures for iodine deficiency disorders, endemic fluorosis, and endemic arsenicosis, as well as the treatment and management of patients. Accordingly, corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward from three aspects, including prevention and control mechanism, implementation of prevention and control measures, and scientific research, so as to provide scientific basis for the country and various regions to consolidate the achievements of prevention and control of endemic diseases and accurately implement the prevention and control measures of endemic diseases.
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Objective:To investigate the influence of long-term wear of soft contact lenses on corneal transparency.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted.The corneal optical density of female myopic patients who planned to undergo corneal refractive surgery in Jinan Mingshui Eye Hospital from January 2018 to December 2020 was examined.The patients were divided into ≥2-<5 years group, ≥5-<10 years group, and ≥10 years group according to the duration of wearing contact lenses.Age- and sex-matched patients without wearing soft contact lenses were enrolled as a control group.There were 50 eyes from 50 cases in each group.The cornea was divided into 0-2, 2-6, 6-10, and 10-12 mm corneal vertex-centered annuli.The cornea over each annulus was divided into a superficial layer (≤120 μm from the outer surface of the cornea), a deep layer (≤60 μm from the inner surface of the cornea) and a central layer (between the superficial and deep layers). Measurements of the right eye were taken for analysis.The corneal optical density of different layers over different corneal ring regions was compared.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Jinan Mingshui Eye Hospital (No.2018-005). Written informed consent was obtained from each subject before any medical examination.Results:The corneal optical density tended to decrease as the wearing duration of corneal contact lens extended.The corneal optical density values of control group, ≥2-<5 years group, ≥5-<10 years group, and ≥10 years group were 18.51±1.79, 18.25±2.10, 18.16±1.89 and 17.83±1.65, respectively, showing no significant difference ( F=1.152, P=0.329). There was no significant difference in the corneal optical density of the superficial layer over 0-2, 2-6, and 6-10 mm annuli among the four groups ( F=2.077, 2.080, 2.229; all at P>0.05). There was a significant difference in the corneal optical density of the superficial layer over 10-12 mm annulus among the four groups ( F=5.016, P=0.002), and the corneal optical density of the superficial layer was greater in ≥5-<10 years group than in ≥2-<5 years, and greater in ≥10 years group than in control group, showing statistically significant differences (both at P<0.05). There were significant differences in the corneal optical density of the central layer over 0-2 and 6-10 mm annuli ( F=3.808, 2.813; both at P<0.05), and the corneal optical density of the central layer was lower in ≥10 years group than in control group, showing a statistically significant difference ( P<0.05). There were significant differences in the corneal optical density of the deep layer over 0-2, 2-6, 6-10 and 10-12 mm annuli ( F=5.485, 5.625, 3.398, 2.775; all at P<0.05). The optical density of the deep layer was lower in ≥5-<10 years than in control and ≥2-<5 years groups over 0-2, 2-6, and 10-12 mm annuli, lower in ≥5-<10 years group than in control group over the 6-10 annulus, and lower in ≥10 years group than in control group over 0-2, 2-6, and 6-10 mm annuli, and the differences were statistically significant (all at P<0.05). Conclusions:For women, the long-term wear of soft contact lenses for 5 years does not affect corneal transparency, and long-term wear for more than 5 years can cause a decrease in the transparency of the superficial peripheral cornea.
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AIM: To explore the imaging features of 49 patients with posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy(PPCD)by in vivo confocal microscopy(IVCM).METHODS: Retrospective case series study. A total of 49 patients(86 eyes), including 32 males and 17 females diagnosed with PPCD between January 2013 and January 2021 were collected. The mean age was 42.5±22.9 years. All patients were scanned by IVCM to analyze the density of corneal endothelial cells and described IVCM characteristics of different types of PPCD.RESULTS: The number of endothelial cells in the lesion area of all patients was lower than that in the peripheral area. Under IVCM, 44 eyes(51%)were categorized into type 1 PPCD(vesicular lesions), characterized by single or multiple, central round or irregular crater-like lesion on paracentral corneal endothelial layer; 16 eyes(19%)were categorized into type 2 PPCD(band lesions), which displayed curved and raised edge with scattered or banded-distributed gutta-like lesion between edges. Type 3 PPCD(diffuse lesion)were in 26 eyes(30%), which showed that endothelial cells were missing in many areas. The blurred images of endothelium in most areas featured with spikes lined in a streak, and the clear images in some areas featured with a band lesions. Two patients were followed up for 4-5a. The IVCM images showed different lesions, including the decrease of central corneal endothelial cell density and the iron deposit in the corneal epithelium, etc.CONCLUSION: IVCM is able to scan the characteristic microstructural alterations at the level of endothelium and Descemet membrane in patients with PPCD, and provide an effective image diagnosis for PPCD.
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This study aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of different Chinese patent medicines in the treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy. The relevant randomized controlled trial(RCT) was retrieved from PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, SinoMed, Wanfang, and VIP with the time interval from database inception to December 2022. The Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was employed to evaluate the quality of the included RCT, and Stata 15.0 and GEMTC to perform the Bayesian network Meta-analysis. Finally, 51 RCTs were included, involving 9 Chinese patent medicines and 3 591 patients. The results of network Meta-analysis showed that in terms of the total effective rate and the increase in plasma albumin, the top three interventions were Zhengqing Fengtongning Sustained Release Tablets + conventional western medicine, Bailing Capsules + conventional western medicine, and Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets + conventional western medicine. In terms of reducing 24-hour urine total protein, the top three interventions were Zhengqing Fengtongning Sustained Release Tablets + conventional western medicine, Shenfukang Capsules +conventional western medicine, and Huangkui Capsules + conventional western medicine. In terms of reducing serum creatinine, the top three interventions were Shenfukang Capsules + conventional western medicine, Bailing Capsules + conventional western medicine, and Zhengqing Fengtongning Sustained Release Tablets + conventional western medicine. In terms of safety, Chinese patent medicines combined with conventional western medicine had fewer adverse reactions than the control group. The results suggest that Chinese patent medicines combined with conventional western medicine can improve the therapeutic effect on idiopathic membranous nephropathy, and differentiated medications can be adopted according to the specific symptoms of patients in clinical treatment. Further validation needs to be carried out in the future with multi-center, large-sample, and high-quality RCT.
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Humans , Nonprescription Drugs/therapeutic use , Network Meta-Analysis , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/drug therapy , Bayes Theorem , Capsules , Delayed-Action Preparations , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/adverse effects , TabletsABSTRACT
Background@#and Purpose This study aimed to construct an optimal dynamic nomogram for predicting malignant brain edema (MBE) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients after endovascular thrombectomy (ET). @*Methods@#We enrolled AIS patients after ET from May 2017 to April 2021. MBE was defined as a midline shift of >5 mm at the septum pellucidum or pineal gland based on follow-up computed tomography within 5 days after ET. Multivariate logistic regression and LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) regression were used to construct the nomogram. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and decisioncurve analysis were used to compare our nomogram with two previous risk models for predicting brain edema after ET. @*Results@#MBE developed in 72 (21.9%) of the 329 eligible patients. Our dynamic web-based nomogram (https://successful.shinyapps.io/DynNomapp/) consisted of five parameters: basal cistern effacement, postoperative National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, brain atrophy, hypoattenuation area, and stroke etiology. The nomogram showed good discrimination ability, with a C-index (Harrell’s concordance index) of 0.925 (95% confidence interval=0.890–0.961), and good calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow test, p=0.386). All variables had variance inflation factors of 0.7, suggesting no significant collinearity among them. The AUC of our nomogram (0.925) was superior to those of Xiang-liang Chen and colleagues (0.843) and Ming-yang Du and colleagues (0.728). @*Conclusions@#Our web-based dynamic nomogram reliably predicted the risk of MBE in AIS patients after ET, and hence is worthy of further evaluation.
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Objective:To evaluate the reliability and validity of Chinese version of Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) scale among patients with chronic Keshan disease.Methods:The patients with chronic Keshan disease diagnosed in Keshan disease area of Gansu Province from August 2018 to April 2020 were selected as the survey subjects to analyze the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of MLHFQ scale in evaluating the quality of life of patients with chronic Keshan disease. To evaluate the reliability of MLHFQ scale, the Cronbach's α coefficient was used, and when the Cronbach's α coefficient > 0.8 indicated that the consistency reliability of the scale was good. Kaider-Meyer-Olkin(KMO) statistic and Barlett's sphericity test were used to evaluate whether the scale was suitable for factor analysis (applicable when KMO > 0.6 and Barlett's sphericity test P < 0.05). The principal component analysis and maximum variance method of exploratory factor analysis were used to extract common factors, and the structural validity of the scale was evaluated. The discrimination validity of the scale was evaluated by New York Heart Association (NYHA) cardiac function classification and analysis of variance. Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the content validity of the scale. Results:A total of 333 questionnaires were collected, of which 329 were valid. There were 180 males and 149 females, aged (59.52 ± 9.26) years. The Cronbach's α coefficient of the Chinese version of MLHFQ scale was 0.95 ( > 0.8). Among them, the Cronbach's α coefficients in the physical domain, emotional domain and other domains were 0.93, 0.91 and 0.86, respectively ( > 0.8). The KMO value of the Chinese version of MLHFQ scale was 0.95 ( > 0.6), and Barlett's sphericity test rejected the hypothesis (χ 2 = 5 222.01, P < 0.05). Principal component analysis and maximum variance method were used to extract 3 common factors, which were named kinetic energy of life, physical condition and emotional condition, respectively. The cumulative contribution rate of principal components was 66.22% ( > 50%). Compared with patients with NYHA cardiac function grade Ⅱ and patients with grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ, there were significant differences in the physical domain, other domain and total score ( P < 0.001). The Pearson correlation coefficients between the physical, emotional, and other domains and their respective items ranged from 0.74 to 0.88, 0.78 to 0.90, and 0.56 to 0.80, respectively, and the correlation coefficients between each item and its domain were all > 0.5 ( P < 0.001). Conclusion:The Chinese version of MLHFQ scale has good reliability and validity in patients with chronic Keshan disease in Gansu Province, and can be used to evaluate the quality of life of patients with chronic Keshan disease.
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Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the CPC Central Committee and the State Council have paid great attention to the prevention and control of endemic diseases. Through the implementation of the prevention and control measures of endemic diseases, especially the implementation of the "Six Major Actions" to tackle key problems in "three years' project", all kinds of diseases have met the relevant requirements. The prevention and control of endemic diseases in China has achieved remarkable results and made historic achievements. However, risk challenges remain. At present, there are still some problems in the management and treatment of patients with iodine deficiency disorders, water-borne iodine excess goiter, drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis and drinking tea-borne endemic fluorosis in China, which need to be solved by strengthening the prevention and control efforts.
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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, is a major public health issue. The epidemic is unlikely to be contained until the global launch of safe and effective vaccines that could prevent serious illnesses and provide herd immunity. Although most patients have mild flu-like symptoms, some develop severe illnesses accompanied by multiple organ dysfunction. The identification of pathophysiology and early warning biomarkers of a severe type of COVID-19 contribute to the treatment and prevention of serious complications. Here, we review the pathophysiology, early warning indicators, and effective treatment of Chinese and Western Medicine for patients with a severe type of COVID-19.
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Humans , COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
In the past 10 years, remarkable progress has been made in prevention and control of endemic diseases in China through implementation of the National Plan for Prevention and Control of Endemic Diseases during the "12th Five Year Plan" and the "13th Five Year Plan" and the Three-year Action Plan for Tackling Key Problems in Prevention and Control of Endemic Diseases. Based on analysis of the monitoring data of endemic diseases in China for 10 consecutive years, this paper summarized the progress made in prevention and control of endemic diseases in China, discussed the main problems faced at present, and put forward key tasks of prevention and control of the diseases in the future.
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Objective:To explore the growth characteristics of young scientific and technological talents and provide a reference for the training of young talents and the talent introduction of research teams.Methods:Taking the winners of the National Natural Science Youth Scientists Fund of Capital Medical University from 2010 to 2019 as the research object, this article retraced their biographical information such as personal characteristics, educational experiences, and growth history, and analyzed the growth characteristics of scientific and technological talents.Results:The growth characteristics of young scientific and technological talents were obtained by summarizing the age, gender, professional title, degree, and overseas study experience of the recipients of the Young Scientists Fund. The influence of educational background on their talent time was preliminarily analyzed through multiple linear regression.Conclusions:According to the study of the growth characteristics and educational background of young scientific and technological talents, we hope to guide the training direction of young talents and provide support for the selection of excellent talents. It is also proposed to improve the talent selection mechanism, encourage scientific research cooperation, and optimize the talent evaluation mechanism to promote more outstanding young scientific and technological talents to stand out.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the nephroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of Fufang Shelong capsules （FFSL） in rats with membranous nephropathy （MN）， and the role of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） signaling pathway. MethodMale SD rats of SPF grade were divided into a normal group and an experimental group. The MN model was induced by tail vein injection of cationized bovine serum albumin in the experimental group. After screening， the eligible model rats were included and divided into a positive control group （tripterygium glycosides tablets） and low-， medium-， and high-dose FFSL groups （0.375， 0.75， 1.5g·kg-1）. The rats were treated correspondingly for eight weeks， and urine protein was detected during drug intervention. Renal function and inflammation-related indicators were detected after drug intervention. The changes in 24-hour urine total protein （24 h UP）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， interleukin-8 （IL-8）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， creatinine （Cr）， blood urea nitrogen （BUN）， total protein （TP）， albumin （Alb）， and total cholesterol （TC） were detected. Flow cytometry was used to detect CD4+/CD8+ changes. Kidney tissues were collected to observe pathological changes under a light microscope and an electron microscope. The protein expression of p38 MAPK and phosphorylated p38 MAPK （p-p38 MAPK） in kidney tissues was detected by Western blot. ResultCompared with the normal group， the model group showed increased 24 h UP （P<0.01）， elevated serum Cr， BUN， TC， IL-6， IL-8， and TNF-α （P<0.05，P<0.01）， decreased serum Alb and TP levels （P<0.05，P<0.01）， increased CD4+/CD8+ in the peripheral blood （P<0.01）， and up-regulated protein expression of p38 MAPK and p-p38 MAPK in kidney tissues （P<0.05）. Additionally， in the model group， immune complex deposition and foot process fusion， accompanied by infiltration of inflammatory cells， were observed on the epithelial side of the basement membrane in the pathological kidney tissues. Compared with the model group， the groups with drug intervention showed declining 24 h UP levels at six weeks （P<0.05，P<0.01）， decreased serum Cr， BUN， TC， IL-6， IL-8， and TNF-α （P<0.05，P<0.01）， increased serum Alb and TP levels （P<0.05，P<0.01）， reduced CD4+/CD8+ in the peripheral blood （P<0.01）， improved renal pathological damage， and down-regulated p38 MAPK and p-p38 MAPK in kidney tissues （P<0.05，P<0.01）. ConclusionFFSL can decrease the expression of inflammatory factors， reduce proteinuria， delay kidney damage， and protect kidney function by inhibiting the expression of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
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Gut bacterial nitroreductases play an important role in reduction of various nitroaromatic compounds to the corresponding N-nitroso compounds, hydroxylamines or aromatic amines, most of which are carcinogenic and mutagenic agents. Inhibition of gut nitroreductases has been recognized as an attractive approach for reducing mutagen metabolites in the colon, so as to prevent colon diseases. In this study, the inhibitory effects of 55 herbal medicines against Escherichia coli(E. coli) nitroreductase (EcNfsA) were examined. Compared with other herbal extracts, Syzygium aromaticum extract showed superior inhibitory potency toward EcNfsA mediated nitrofurazone reduction. Then, the inhibitory effects of 22 major constituents in Syzygium aromaticum against EcNfsA were evaluted. Compared with other tested natural compounds, ellagic acid, corilagin, betulinic acid, oleanic acid, ursolic acid, urolithin M5 and isorhamnetin were found with strong to moderate inhibitory effect against EcNfsA, with IC50 values ranging from 0.67 to 28.98 mol·L-1. Furthermore, the inhibition kinetic analysis and docking simulation demonstrated that ellagic acid and betulinic acid potently inhibited EcNfsA (Ki < 2 μmol·L -1) in a competitively inhibitory manner, which created strong interactions with the catalytic triad of EcNfsA. In summary, our findings provide new scientific basis for explaining the anti-mutagenic activity of Syzygium aromaticum, where some newly identified EcNfsA inhibitors can be used for developing novel agents to reduce the toxicity induced by bacterial nitroreductase.
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Ellagic Acid/pharmacology , Escherichia coli , Kinetics , Nitroreductases/pharmacology , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , SyzygiumABSTRACT
Objective:To establish and verify a dynamic web-based nomogram for predicting futile recanalization after thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke.Methods:Three hundred and four acute ischemic stroke patients admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from May 2017 to April 2021 were retrospectively enrolled. All these patients underwent mechanical thrombectomy and obtained successful recanalization. The eligible patients were randomly divided into training group ( n=216) and test group ( n=88) by 7∶3. The nomogram was established and internally validated with the data of the training group, and externally validated with the data of the test group. For the training group, multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed by including all variables with P<0.05 in univariate analysis, and the independent predictors of futile recanalization were screened out to construct a nomogram. In the training group and the test group, the performance of the nomogram was verified by C-index, calibration chart and decision curve analysis respectively. Results:No significant difference was detected between the training group and the test group in futile recanalization [134/216 (62.0%) vs 56/88 (63.6%), χ 2=0.07, P=0.794]. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age ( OR=1.04,95% CI 1.00-1.08, P=0.033), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score on admission ( OR=1.11,95% CI 1.04-1.19, P=0.001), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio ( OR=1.19,95% CI 1.07-1.32, P=0.001), glycated hemoglobins ( OR=2.02,95% CI 1.34-3.05, P<0.001), poor collateral status ( OR=10.87,95% CI 4.08-29.01, P<0.001), postoperative high density ( OR=11.38,95% CI 4.56-28.40, P<0.001) were independent risk factors for futile recanalization. The C-index of this nomogram in the training group and the test group was 0.92 (95% CI 0.877-0.954, P<0.001) and 0.93 (95% CI 0.87-0.98, P<0.001), respectively. Conclusion:This web-based nomogram, including age, NIHSS score on admission, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, glycated hemoglobin, poor collateral status and postoperative high density, predicted individual probability of futile recanalization after mechanical thrombectomy with good discrimination and clinical utility.
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Objective:To evaluate the effect of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) on lipid homeostasis and cellular injury of podocytes, and to clarify its mechanism.Methods:Twelve-week old C57BL/6 wild-type mice ( n=10) and PCSK9 knockout ( PCSK9 KO) mice ( n=10) were selected as the animal models. The renal tissues were taken after perfusion through heart. Mouse podocytes were transfected with PCSK9 siRNA to downregulate PCSK9 expression. BODIPY 493/503 staining was performed for evaluating lipid accumulation, and standard transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe the foot process of podocytes, the shape of mitochondria and lipid droplet in podocytes. TUNEL staining was carried out to evaluate cell apoptosis in glomerulus. The parameters about mitochondria function (key enzymes such as PGC-1α, CPT-1 and Acox-1) and apoptosis were quantified through qPCR and western blotting. Results:The lipid accumulation in glomerulus of PCSK9 KO mice were more serious than controls. The expression of PGC-1α protein and PGC-1α, CPT-1 and Acox-1 mRNA in PCSK9 KO mouse kidney tissues were decreased than controls (all P<0.05), and mitochondria swelling and cristae disappearance in podocytes of PCSK9 KO mice were observed. In PCSK9 KO group, the foot process of podocytes partially fused and disappeared, and the apoptosis index increased compared with the control group ( P<0.05). In vitro, compared with the control group, the lipid accumulation was more significant, transcription level of key enzymes related to mitochondrial function was decreased, mitochondrial structure was damaged and the apoptosis index was increased in cultured podocyte PCSK9 siRNA group (all P<0.05). Conclusions:PCSK9 is involved in the lipid homeostasis of podocytes. The decrease of PCSK9 results in the increase of intracellular lipid accumulation, accompanied by the mitochondrial structure damage and disfunction of podocytes, and leads to cell apoptosis.
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Objective:To master the new cases and the condition of Keshan disease (KD) in key endemic areas and provide scientific basis for updating control strategies.Methods:In 2017, sentinel surveillance was carried out in some counties with substandard KD or serious historical KD. Two to three villages with more KD patients and the total population of 1 000 were chosen to investigate. All of the inhabitants were checked by physical examination and electrocardiography. Suspected KD patients were examined by echocardiography. KD was identified according to "Diagnosis of Keshan Disease" (WS/T 210-2011). The confirmed cases were followed up.Results:A total of 70 008 people were examined in 86 counties of 14 provinces. The ratio of male to female was 1.0 ∶ 1.2 (31 720/38 288). The total number of KD patients identified was 308, including 68 chronic KD and 240 latent KD. The detection rates were 44/10 000, 10/10 000 and 34/10 000, respectively. Totally 198 cases of chronic KD and 115 cases of latent KD were followed up, and the follow-up mortality was 8.1% (16/198) and 7.0% (8/115), respectively. In this year, 29 cases of latent KD and 5 cases of chronic KD were newly diagnosed.Conclusion:There are still a number of KD patients including new cases in endemic areas with high prevalence nowadays or in the past indicating the prevention and control of KD should be maintained.
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OBJECTIVE：To study the effect of isofla vaspidicacid PB （called PB for short ）on the biofilm adhesion and the gene expression of ergosterol metabolism related enzymes in Trichophyton rubrum . METHODS ：M38-A2 method was adopted to determine MIC of PB to T. rubrum . MTT assay was used to screen the biolfilm condition and initial adhesion period of T. rubrum . The effects of different concentrations of PB （40，80，160 µg/mL）on the adhesion duration of T. rubrum （growth control group without PB was set up ，similarly hereinafter ）were evaluated and the adhesion rate was calculated by using XTT assay ；the effects of different concentrations of PB （20，40，80 µg/mL）on the biofilm formation of T. rubrum at different initial adhesion periods （3，5，9 h）were observed and the adhesion rate was calculated by using XTT assay combined with inverted microscope ；qRT-PCR method was used to detect the effects of PB （320 µg/mL）on the mRNA expression of ergosterol metabolism related enzyme gene ERG6 and ERG11 in biofilm of T. rubrum . RESULTS ：MIC of PB to T. rubrum was 20 µg/mL. The biofilm of T. rubrum in RPMI-1640 medium containing 10％ FBS was the most metabolism activity at 6 h of initial adhesion. Compared with growth control group ，after treated with different concentrations of PB ，adhesion rate and mRNA expression of ERG6 and ERG11 in biofilm were decreased significantly （P＜0.01）. Hyphae decreased or even disappeared ，and the adhesion inhibition rate （at 5 and 9 h of initial adhesion ）increased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS ：PB can inhibit the adhesion of T. rubrum and reduce the hyphae ；the mechanism may be associated with the inhibition of the biofilm adhesion and mRNA expression of ergosterol metabolism related enzyme gene ERG6 and ERG11.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the influencing factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis within 3 years. MethodsA total of 376 patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis who attended Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, from January 2014 to July 2017 were enrolled and followed up for 3 years, and according to the presence or absence of CKD, they were divided into CKD group with 23 patients and non-CKD group with 353 patients. Related general information and laboratory markers were collected. The t-test or the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups, and the chi-square test or the Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups; a stepwise forward Cox regression analysis was used to screen out the independent influencing factors for CKD within 3 years in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to investigate the value of the influencing factors in predicting CKD in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis; the Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis, and the log-rank test was used for comparison of the cumulative incidence rate of CKD between the patients with different risks. ResultsThe multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age (hazard ratio ［HR］=1.078, 95% confidence interval ［CI］: 1.007-1.114, P=0.026), albumin (Alb) (HR=0.923, 95% CI: 0.860-0.989, P=0.024), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (HR=0.977, 95% CI: 0.955-0.999, P=0.037) were independent influencing factors for CKD within 3 years in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis. Age, Alb, and eGFR had a relatively good value in predicting CKD, with AUCs of 0.701, 0.710, and 0.706, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that the patients with baseline age ≥55 years, Alb ＜32 g/L, and eGFR ≥60 ml·min-1·1.73 m-2 and ＜76 ml·min-1·1.73 m-2 had a higher risk of CKD (χ2=9647, 13621, and 30.940, all P＜0.05). ConclusionRenal function should be closely monitored for patients with old age and low Alb and eGFR levels.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical effects of Paclitaxel and Carboplatin combination chemotherapy with concurrent intensity-modulated radiotherapy for elderly patients with advanced cervical cancer.Methods:From February 2107 to July 2018, 82 patients with advanced cervical cancer were enrolled from our hospital.According to the treatment plan, they were divided into the observation group(patients with Paclitaxel/Carboplatin chemotherapy + concurrent intensity-modulated radiation therapy)and the control group(patients with conventional chemotherapy). Clinical effects and the occurrence of toxic and side effects were evaluated and analyzed for the two groups.Results:The overall rate of effectiveness for the observation group was 92.7%, which was higher than that for the control group(75.6%), and the difference was statistically significant( χ2=4.479, P=0.034). The tumor metastasis rate was lower in the observation group than in the control group(2.4% vs.14.6%, χ2=3.905, P=0.048). The incidence of gastrointestinal side effects > grade Ⅲ was lower in the observation group than in the control group(8.1% vs.45.5%, χ2=12.736, P=0.000). Conclusions:Paclitaxel and Carboplatin plus intensity-modulated radiotherapy for elderly patients with advanced cervical cancer can help keep tumor size under control, reduce the risk of toxic and side effects during treatment, alleviate patient suffering, and ensure a smooth treatment experience.
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Objective:To measure the effective optical zone (EOZ) after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) by using corneal topographic map and modulation transfer function (MTF), and to analyze the related factors affecting the EOZ.Methods:A retrospective observational case series study was performed.Sixty-two myopic patients (62 eyes) who underwent SMILE between December 2015 and July 2017 in Jinan Mingshui Eye Hospital were enrolled.The EOZ was measured by using tangential corneal curvature topographic map and MTF pre- and 6-month post-operatively.The repeatability of data was determined by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach Alpha coefficients; the agreement of data was identified by using Bland-Altman plot; the correlations between EOZ and surgical parameters were analyzed by utilizing Pearson correlation coefficient.This study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Jinan Mingshui Eye Hospital(No.2015[013]). Written informed consent was obtained from each patient before surgery.Results:The ICC and Cronbach Alpha coefficients of EOZ measured by corneal topographic map were greater than 0.9, which showed high intraobserver repeatability.The Bland-Altman plots displayed relatively good agreement between the two methods.The 95% limits of agreement was -0.49 to 0.89 μm.Six months after SMILE, the EOZ measured by tangential corneal curvature gradient topographic map was (5.32±0.25)mm, which was (1.18±0.25)mm smaller than predicted optical zone, and the EOZ measured by MTF method was (5.07±0.32)mm, which was (0.20±0.35)mm smaller than corneal tomographic EOZ, and the difference was significant ( t=-4.487, P<0.01). A negative correlation was found between the EOZ and attempted refractive correction ( r=-0.364, P=0.004). The positive correlations were found between the EOZ and ΔKm or ΔQ 6 months after SMILE ( r=0.367, 0.514; both at P<0.01). Conclusions:The EOZ measured by tangential corneal curvature topographic map after SMILE is of high repeatability and is consistent with the result calculated by MTF method.The EOZ is significantly reduced after SMILE.
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To investigate the effects of different habitat processing methods of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma on acute myocardial ischemia induced by pituitrin in rats. In this experiment, the tail vein injection of pituitrin was used to induce acute myocardial ischemia in rats. Electrocardiograph(ECG) heart rate and ΔST changes were recorded, and the levels of creatine kinase isoenzyme(CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), superoxide dismutase(SOD) and malondialdehyde(MDA) in serum of rats were detected to comprehensively evaluate the effects of six processing methods of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma on serum biochemical indexes of rats with acute myocardial injury. The ECG results showed that the Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma dried in a drying oven had a good effect on the improvement of heart rate and ΔST of electrocardiogram after ischemia, and all the other groups had some protective effects to different degrees. The results of biochemical indexes in serum of each group after ischemia showed that the activity of CK-MB decreased most significantly in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma high-dose group with drying in a drying oven after sweating and losing weight in a drying oven, high-dose group with drying in the shade and low-dose group with drying in the shade. The activity of LDH decreased most significantly in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma high-dose group with drying in the shade and low-dose group of drying in the shade. The activity of SOD increased most significantly in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma low-dose group with drying in sun, low-dose group with drying in sun after sweating and losing weight in sun, and low-dose group with drying in a drying oven. The activity of MDA decreased most significantly in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma low-dose group with drying in sun. The comprehensive scoring results showed that the highest score was obtained in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma high-dose group with drying in the shade while the scores of other treatment groups were higher than that of the model group. It could be seen that the Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma dried in a drying oven had a good improvement effect on electrocardiograph indexes after acute myocardial injury, the Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma dried in the shade had a good improvement effect on serum myocardial enzymes after acute myocardial injury, and the other processing methods had a certain protective effect on myocardial injury. The six processing methods evaluated by pharmacodynamics showed that the Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma dried in the shade and dried in a drying oven had good efficacy.